Translation and Language Interpretation
A lot of people (erroneously) use language interpretation and translation
as synonyms, but they indicate two different types of actions. Language
interpretation happens orally; meanwhile translation is the activity of
transferring the meaning of a text into another language in writing.
Language interpreting is a real-time activity, when the parties who need
interpreting services are present, either physically or via telephone
/ video conference. It does not mean a word-for word, literal translation
of every single word and detail the source speaker uses. Due to its real-time
nature, the interpreter might not know every single term (does not even
have to), he/she only has to grab the main ideas and points, the style
and tone of the speech and convey this into the target language. The message
in the target language ideally contains about 80% of the source text.
During a translation, the translator transfers the meaning of a written
text, or an audio or digital recording into the target language, in writing.
In this case, the translator has time to access resource material to help
with the translation, (descriptions, books, dictionaries, etc.) so that
the translation remains accurate and faithful to the original text. In
the case of translation, omissions are not acceptable.
Occasionally, sight translation of certain documents can be required
from the interpreter (they receive a written document, they only have
to browse through it, and then they have to tell what’s written there
in the target language). This usually occurs during consecutive interpreting
work. Sight translation combines the characteristics of interpreting and
translation. It usually occurs, but not exclusively, in judicial and medical
interpreting work.
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